Nursing Practice COPD

Question: Examine about the contextual investigation Nursing Practice for COPD. Answer: Presentation: The article is a nursing practice contextual investigation that will give insight concerning ailments and social history about the patient for the situation study. From the point of view of an essential enlisted nurture, it will break down the etiology of the interminable illnesses in tolerant and the drugs that the patient is taking. It will depict the underlying nursing care for the patient on affirmation and the training identified with worsening that the medical attendant needs to provide for the patient. The nursing care for the patient will be founded on the COPD rules gave by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, and the competency principles set by The Australian Nursing Midwifery Federation (ANMF) and the Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines. The paper will give detail on the proposal by a medical caretaker for continuous treatment and what administrations help the attendant will take from the network to give satisfactory consideration to the patient. The contextual analysis is about Mrs. Betty White, a 76-year-old Italian female who has been admitted to a clinical ward for intense intensification of her COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) following an episode of pneumonia. She was never conceded for her condition and has no known hypersensitivities. She had a lip substitution in 1997, a gallstone medical procedure in 2005 and a drawn out ulcer on her lower leg. At the point when she was conceded, no clinical discoveries were done identified with spirometry test, blood test, pulse, check, ECG, and so forth. She has just a single child living in Melbourne who visits her threefold every year, and she lives alone using network nursing administrations. As the patient is experiencing COPD, it is important to think about the etiology of the ailment. COPD is a dynamic lung infection described by emphysema, ceaseless bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma (Fletcher Dahl, 2013). The side effects of COPD incorporate wheeziness, snugness in chest, visit hacking and expanded shortness of breath. As per (Pauwels et al., 2012), the side effects frequently create in the propelled phase of the sickness. As per the clinical COPD rules set up by the Australian Clinical Practice, it is fundamental for patients with COPD to screen the side effects and complete the spirometry test to affirm the condition so convenient treatment could be given (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015) As indicated by (Joo et al., 2013), the essential driver of COPD is long haul introduction to lung aggravations that harms the lungs and aviation routes. The regular aggravations incorporate tobacco smoke, stogie, recycled smoke, and so on and ecological poisons like compound exhaust and residue. These are the major contributing elements prompting COPD in patients (Budhiraja et al., 2015). As indicated by the exploratory examination by (Hodson Sherrington, 2014), uncommon hereditary condition like alpha-1 antitrypsin inadequacy additionally prompts the advancement of infection in patients in any event, when they have never smoked or had ever been presented to lung aggravations (Fletcher Dahl, 2013). Individuals with this condition have the low degree of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protein in the liver which causes lung harm and COPD. In uncommon cases individuals with asthma additionally gets an opportunity of creating COPD (Pauwels et al., 2012). In this way top three components disti nguished in Etiology of COPD are smoking, natural variables and Genetic elements (Hodson Sherrington, 2014). About 90% patients determined to have COPD were seen as smokers (Vestbo et al., 2013). The WHO has likewise suggested that individuals with COPD ought to likewise be tried for Alpha-1. Be that as it may, there might be other hereditary inclination to the improvement of COPD (Domenech et al., 2013). Aside from COPD, she additionally experiences Osteoporosis and hypertension. According to the clinical COPD rules gave by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, the essential consideration will include checking and observing the prescriptions that Mrs. White had been taking (Lee Thomas Annie Butler, 2016). She has never been admitted to medical clinic, so it is important to play out the necessary clinical tests, for example, lung work test, spirometry, chest CT examine, blood vessel and blood gas test (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). Lung work test will quantify how air patient can take in and out. Spirometry is likewise a way to decide how quick one can victory air. It will help in recognizing the seriousness of the infection (Domenech et al., 2013). As per the rules of The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (ANMF) identified with COPD, the objective for essential consideration will incorporate creation Mr. White to know about methods of forestalling bacterial, viral, bacterial, and parasitic and lung disease (Lee Thomas Annie Butler, 2016). The following stage is to deal with every one of her meds that she has been taking for COPD, osteoporosis, hypertension, ulcer, and gallstone after hip substitution medical procedure (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). The patient will be clarified about the strategy of spirometry and how it will be completed. Patients with COPD face extreme inconvenience and humiliation because of hacking. Thusly, a thoughtful way to deal with persuade Mrs. White for a clinical test is required. Once COPD is affirmed, the center will be to give care to the patient by marinating her crucial capacities and limiting her side effects beyond what many would consider possible (Nurse Practitioner norms for training 2016). COPD is an aggregate term for incessant bronchitis and emphysema. Comorbidities related with the sickness incorporate cardiovascular malady, hunger, osteoporosis, and misery (Hodson Sherrington, 2014). Mrs. White was a functioning smoker for as far back as 50 years smoking around three packs which are reflected in the sickness seriousness. According to The Australian Clinical COPD rules, to oversee side effects and diminish complexities bronchodilators like beta 2-agonist, anticholinergics, and methylxanthines is recommended (Nurse expert gauges for training 2016). This will help in loosening up her aviation route muscle, and Hudson cover is likewise utilized. The customer will be upheld to boost her basic capacities and improve self-care, to complete her day by day life exercises. Gentle COPD can be treated with short-acting bronchodilators, while extreme COPD patients will require long haul oxygen treatment or careful mediation (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). As this is Mrs. Whites first confirmation for her intensifications due to COPD, the essential consideration incorporates customer instruction identified with keeping aviation routes clear, dietary treatment and pneumonic recovery to acclimate to her condition (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). As indicated by the ANMC competency guidelines she should be instructed with respect to when to contact the GP. As presentation to natural poison is the significant hazard factor for the infection, it will be fundamental for Mrs. White to grow great disease control propensities, for example, visit hand washing and staying away from swarmed places (Nurse professional gauges for training (2016). As indicated by Domenech et al., (2013), the treatment plan of COPD patients frequently need to ingest medications by means of inhalers, so it is important for them to know the right arrangement of every drug to boost its viability and know its unfriendly impacts. COPD patients frequently ne ed to ingest medications through inhalers, so it is fundamental for them to know the right arrangement of every medicine to amplify its adequacy and know its antagonistic impacts. Patients ought to likewise know about the measure of inhalers left so they don't come up short on them when it is required in a crisis. They should be wary while taking drugs for different infirmities (Nurse professional guidelines for training 2016). It is important to show her approaches to diminish or control dyspnea. She can learn procedures of pressed together lip breathing which will decrease breath by expanding the laminar progression of terminated air (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). Appropriate situating activity will likewise be important for Mrs. White. It is basic to give preparing tripod situating (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). This will include making Mrs. White sit or remain to lean forward with help on arms, advising her to compel her stomach down and stabiles the chest while breathing at a controlled rate. The COPD patients require preparing identified with vitality protection methods. In this manner, Mrs. White is encouraged to deal with her exercises by taking regular rest, utilizing helping gadgets and partitioning her exercises into the little errand so it decreases the opportunity of dyspnea. As indicated by The Australian Clinical COPD rules she will be given wholesome direc tion and checking hemoglobin and serum egg whites levels (Lee Thomas Annie Butler, 2016). It will likewise be vital for her to take visit suppers high in protein. The patient is encouraged to maintain a strategic distance from any gas delivering nourishments and to screen her weight routinely (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). The proposal about the progressing treatment alternative for Mrs. White is pharmacological administration. She has created edema which is a genuine inconvenience of COPD. It happens because of aspiratory hypertension meaning her circulatory strain is higher than ordinary in heart and lungs. She is taking Coversyl prescriptions, and it is valuable for rewarding hypertension. I will make her mindful of symptoms of drugs like a hack, loose bowels, sluggishness, shortcoming, and so forth. (Agusti, 2014). Oxygen treatment will likewise be an essential treatment for Mrs. White. This treatment will improve endurance rate in hypoxemic patients. The remedy for Oxygen is dictated by patient's blood vessel blood gas esteems and nighttime desaturation rates. Oxygen treatment is conveyed by fluid oxygen, packed gas, and so forth. Convenient oxygen concentrator will be profoundly useful for Mrs. White as it won't expect her to convey oxygen (Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2015). Another treatment choice is aspiratory recovery

Why The Confederacy Lost Essays - American Civil War,

Why The Confederacy Lost Why the Confederacy Lost From the beginning of time numerous students of history have attempted to place the specific explanation behind the Confederacy losing the war. A few antiquarians accuse the leader of the alliance Jefferson Davis, anyway others accept that it was the shear quantities of the Northern armed force that won out. However others have accused pretty much every broad that the Confederacy had, as indicated by James M. McPherson: Among them Robert E. Lee himself for blunder, pomposity, and misguided thinking; Jeb Stuart for heading out an a strike around the Union armed force and losing contact with his own military, leaving Lee visually impaired in the adversary's nation; Richard Ewell and Jubal Early for neglecting to assault Cemetery Hill on the evening of July first and again for lateness in assaulting on the second; or more all, James Longstreet for trouble, quickness, and energy in the ambushes of July second and 3rd.(P.19). Ideally, this paper will reveal some insight into the genuine purposes behind the Confederacy losing the war. There are two classes that understandings can fall under, one is inner inward is taking a gander at the south, what they did well and what they fouled up. The following one is outside outer is taking a gander at both the North and the South, seeing the issues and the accomplishments of the two sides. For and case of an outside clarification, when Pickett was asked what he thought was the purpose behind the Confederacy losing the Battle of Gettysburg he stated, ? I've generally thought the Yankees had something to do with it? (19). The possibility that the Yankees had an excessive number of

The Spanish Civil War Was The Inevitable Climax Of Problems That Had

The Spanish Civil War Was The Inevitable Climax Of Problems That Had The Spanish Civil War Was The Inevitable Climax Of Problems That Had Become Historically Inherent To â€" Essay Example > The Spanish Civil War refers to the war of 1936-9. This was in fact the fourth such conflict on Spanish soil since the 1830s. The Spanish Civil War pitted ‘regionalists against centralists, anti-clericals against Catholics, landless laborers against latifundistas, workers against industrialists. ’ (Preston. 1986, p. 9) Amid all this conflict one thing was abundantly clear, all of these conflicting groups ‘have in common the struggles of a society in the throes of modernization. ’ (Preston. 1986, p. 9) In the preceding years and the years that followed there was a general disconnect between societal realities and the political authorities governing society. Going back as far as 1808 Spain suffered a series of struggles perpetuated by those who sought reform and those who resisted it. The ruling classes were loathe to subscribe to reform that threatened to redistribute the country’s wealth for fear of losing their economic and political powers. Invariably power and wealth were divided among the ‘monarchy, the landed nobility and the Church. ’ (Preston. 1986, p. 10) This balance of power maintained its dominance until well into the twentieth century. The war of 1936-9 involved almost entirely every political position in Spain at the time and encompassed every social movement. There were primarily two opposing sides to the conflict with the Nationalist on one side and the Republicans on the other. The Nationalist were primarily comprised of Carlists and Legitimist monarchists, Spanish nationalists, fascists of the Falange, Catholics, as well as a cadre of conservatives and monarchist liberals. The Republicans found support from the Basque and Catalan nationalists, socialists, communist, s liberals and anarchists. (Esenwein. 1995 p. 6)Looked at another way, the Nationalists attracted a large number of the Catholics and those associated with the Catholic Church in one way or another. The Nationalists also seemed to secure the support of prominent f actions of the army, a majority of the large landowners, and quite a large number of businessmen as well. Meanwhile, an overwhelming number of urban workers, especially peasants and middle classes generally gravitated toward the Republicans. General Jose Sanjurjo, a monarchist is credited with the distinction of holding the position of the figurehead of the conflict. Working at his side as the primary planner of the conflict and second-in-command was Emilio MolaThe Nationalists had several goals entering the conflict, but one of their more essential goals was to eradicate anticlericalism driven Republican faction. Hand in hand with this goal was the desire to defend the Roman Catholic Church. The Roman Catholic Church had suffered censorship as a result of its unfailing support of the Spanish monarchy. This pro-monarchy stance taken by the Roman Catholic Church offended the Republican followers who saw this alignment as the direct cause of Spain’s social struggles. The 1936 start ed out as a series of acts of arson committed against religious buildings and monuments. Not surprisingly, the Republican authorities either refused or failed to take active steps to prevent the acts of arson. These acts formed part of what was regarded as a social revolution. In furtherance of this so-called social revolution, religious buildings that were spared acts of arson were turned into ‘Houses of the People’. (Esenwein. 1995 p. 35) Acting in harmony with their social beliefs Republican led massacres were primarily against members of the Catholic Clergy.

A More Perfect Union Usage of Ethos, Logos, Pathos

A More Perfect Union: Usage of Ethos, Logos, Pathos Throughout our history race, religion, and culture have split the U.S. ever since our framers defined our constitution. Since then we can find many examples which break us apart but also characterizes us as Americans. Even in today’s society, sometimes individuals tend to look at others who do not look similar to themselves as an inferior species. Due to these acts of racism and other prejudices against those individuals, many people have raised their voices and agreed that it is time to stop these immoral acts which only break us apart. In March 28, 2008 Senator Barack Obama addressed the nation with one of the greatest speeches ever given; it was not only a wake up call for America†¦show more content†¦When Obama brings this issue up he reminds his audience that â€Å"[He] already condemned, in unequivocal terms, the statements of Reverend Wright that have caused such controversy† (2). By stating the fact that he completely disagrees with Reverend Wrightâ⠂¬â„¢s statement, he says â€Å"As imperfect as he may be, he has been like family to me. He strengthened my faith, officiated my wedding, and baptized my children† (2). Many individuals believe that this statement changed the perspective of people that do not like him to start liking him. He is not only criticizing Reverend Wright in a good manner, but he is also making sure that we know how important he is to his family and him. Though, similar to or perhaps more important than Obama’s background, his story about Ashley Baia is no other than pathos; which deals with the audience’s emotions, sympathy, fears and desires. Obama tells the story about Ashley, a campaign worker, and how â€Å"her mother got cancer... and because she had to miss days of work, she was let go and lost her healthcare† (9). Those two phrases alone already begin to attract the audience, but he continues with the story, Ashley â€Å"[knowing] that food was one of their most expensive costs†, which made Ashley â€Å"[convince] her mother that what she really liked and really wanted toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Ich Bin Ein Berliner1084 Words   |  5 PagesGermany was split up in West-Germany and East-Germany. West-Germany and West-Berlin were in the hands of England, France and the USA. East-Germany and East-Berlin in the hands of the Soviet-Union. Because Berlin was located in East-Germany, West-Berlin was als o automatically located in the part of the Soviet-Union. This made West-Berlin isolated from the ‘Western World’. With the use of planes West-Berlin was provided with food and materials. In June 1963 John F. Kennedy, as the ‘Icon of Western Freedom’Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Of A Speech By Susan Anthony2363 Words   |  10 Pagescivil rights. The speech was the result of her arrest after she exercised her right to suffrage. She emphasized that she did not commit any crime but rather only use her right to vote as a citizen of the country. The speech was done to appeal the ethos and pathos wherein she stated that women cannot be disregarded on their participation in the nation. This is an inevitable right in a country of democracy and freedom. The idea of Susan Anthony is to initiate a culture wherein men will not look down toRead MoreMedia Magic Making Class Invisible2198 Words   |  9 Pagesthat his examples are real true, and taken from a scholarly so urce), true lifestyles and data to show the reader. He uses secondary sources which are legitimate and the reader can choose to research it for themselves. Mantsios back himself up by using more than one source to prove his theory about test scores and what class you are in. Whether you choose to believe him or not, the reality is the facts are there, written on the paper right in front of your eyes. He also backs his theory by giving examples

General Mills and Yoplait Analysis - 3473 Words

Ag Gurus APEC 4821W Project Proposal In 1860, General Mills entered the market as a flour producer that revolutionized the industry by producing flour that had superior baking properties. Great customer satisfaction coupled with their ability to maintain quality enabled them to develop other products that were not considered agricultural commodities. By the 1960s, they were marketing beloved childrens products that included Play-Doh, Easy Bake Ovens, Spirograph, Monopoly and Nerf balls (General Mills, website). The popularity of these products enticed General Mills to create memorable characters such as Betty Crocker and the Pillsbury Doughboy, which have become icons in American history. Throughout the years, General Mills†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The full line of products that Yoplait offers today is wide and diverse. They offer a yogurt line that consists of the original yogurt, grande, whipped, light, and ultra light. Yumsters is a line for younger children, which includes a spoon attached to the ir yogurt (Nestle LC1).† When considering General Mill’s brand Yoplait they have an absolute cost advantage because of their reputation for quality which in turn establishes brand loyalty. â€Å"Yoplait is a first-mover in the yogurt industry. They have offered many new innovative products to their consumers from Go-GURT to their Nouriche Smoothies. Yoplait created the first ever yogurt placed in a tube called Go-GURT, which has become the yogurt for those that are on the go and always in a rush. Within the last year of introducing Nouriche, the product’s sales have increased by 35%. Yoplait just recently began offering a yogurt that contained sterols, which is a cholesterol-lowering plant (Nestle LC1).† Finally, there are many different flavors, health benefits, packaging, and niche segments that firms utilize to differentiate their products, and this is a central factor for barriers to entry. 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Naturopathy and Nutritional Medicine Free Essays

In this essay I will look at nutritional medicine and naturopathy, and discuss how they have evolved into their present status. I will describe similarities and differences and address how history, culture and philosophy have shaped them. Nutritional medicine is the use of food and nutritional supplements to prevent and treat disease. We will write a custom essay sample on Naturopathy and Nutritional Medicine or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is based on the scientific study of nutrition, researching the nutritional content of food and how it con-tributes to optimal health. Nutrition is fundamental to health as it promotes wellbeing and decreases the risk of developing acute and chronic illnesses (Sardesai 2012, p. ). Naturopathy is a holistic healing system, focussing on natural agents (i. e. air, water, heat, food, herbs) and therapies (i. e. electrotherapy, physiotherapy, psychotherapy) and excluding the use of drugs and surgery. The core principle is that all beings possess a Vital Force, the self-regulatory ability to heal which is supported and enhanced by naturopathic medicine (Sherwood 2005, pp. 156-158). From those descriptions it is obvious that nutritional medicine is an integral part of naturopathy. In fact, naturopathy considers proper nutrition and dietary routines important building blocks to health which are the foundations to prevention of disease and promotion of health (Lloyd 2009, p. 46). Appendix, table 1 identifies further similarities and differences between these two modalities. Principles for nutritional medicine and naturopathy can be traced back to ancient practices. Refer-ences for the use of food as medicine can be found in ancient medical texts of Egypt that describe the use of animal, vegetable and mineral substances as medicine to treat diseases (Di Stefano 2006, p. 5). Although the term naturopathy stems from the late 19th century, its philosophical beginnings can also be found in Egypt with the earliest written records of healing practices. The supernatural approach to medicine and the belief that disease is caused by angered gods, evil spirits or demons was characteristic for this period. Patients were treated holistically, both on a spiritual level including religious ritual, and on an empirical level by using food and medicinal plants with healing power (Seaton 2012, p. 2). Appendix, table 2 describes how this view on medicine, health and disease developed over time†¦. How to cite Naturopathy and Nutritional Medicine, Papers

Youth Curfew Essay Example

Youth Curfew Essay Good evening chairperson, fellow debaters, ladies, gentlemen and others. In our world today, violence and crime still rages and much of which have been perpetrated by young people of about my age. A growing problem, youths are beginning or continuing to wander the streets after hours to offend the law. If no action were to be carried out, a future where crime through youths will thrive. Today, we the Affirmative side is here to address to you all about a solution towards this problem. We as a team believe that youths should not be allowed to roam freely but kept in their homes to prevent the occurrences of youth problems. To make obvious to you all what a youth curfew is, our team has prepared a definition of the term youth curfew. The Oxford Dictionary defines curfew as, A signal or time after which people must remain indoors until the next day. This, to us just means that a curfew is a way to keep us young people off the streets. Having teenagers wandering the suburbs at dark, young people are given a chance to act in a criminal way. Therefore, a youth curfew is essential to a society of any sort. One of the main goals of a youth curfew law is to protect non-delinquent youths. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Curfew specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Curfew specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Curfew specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is stated by the Curfew Laws that a main purpose of a curfew is to protect youths from victimization. According to the Ruefle and Reynolds analysis, the curfew may be used as a means to protect non-delinquent youth from crime and to deny delinquent youth the opportunity to engage in criminal behaviour. Also, according to the FBIs UCR report, youth perpetrators often take crime upon people of their age so it is expected that crime rates of victimization will reduce. Through reference from the Office of Crime Statistics and Research in Adelaide, it has been displayed that a high number of teenagers participate in youth crime. In the year of 2004, it was recorded by the South Australian police that persons of the age between 10-17 years of age were apprehended for crime, with the figure stretching up to 6,482. Unfortunately, this number does not include the other youths who have offended the law whilst also getting away with their crime. Having still excluded the unknown figure, it still can be seen that there are high rates of crime. Also, this number only displays the figures of South Australia alone and not the other states of Australia. Youth Curfews not only reduces victimization, it also is a form of zero tolerance policing, the curfew creates an atmosphere whereby it is shown that the community does not allow or accept the development of any lawlessness within the area. The idea of having zero tolerance comes from the presence of low-levelled crimes, such as, graffiti spraying, breaking glass windows, drug dealing and etc. (all of which are criminal acts performed by youths). If these minor problems were not to be controlled and acted against effectively by the policing force, then a permissive atmosphere would then be created for violence and more severe crimes. With this flourish of crime, law and order stands a great chance in breaking down. Now, with the help of youth curfews, the police are aided through the zero tolerance climates of which the curfew has generated. This then in turn would create a safer community for everyone. Youth Curfews can also be used as an aid to various other programs that help stop youths from causing misdemeanours. If the curfew was to be put into place, then those who are willing to abide the law are kept off the streets during the curfew. Those who ignore the curfew are then left on the streets. These youths usually are set to behave in a misconduct way. Out on the streets, the youths are left for the police to handle. Also, because it is quite difficult to identify criminals, such a scheme like the curfew would help immensely in the process of finding the law offenders through the process of elimination. So, ladies and gentlemen, Youth Curfews are a must and is an essential part to our society. We already know that violence and crimes are committed by youths that roam the streets in the dark. These sorts of crimes range from minor offences such as graffiti spraying or even up to violence, which in most cases, are inflicted on innocent youths. With the curfew in place, the policy can enable the law abiding or vulnerable teenagers to stay in their homes at curfew hours but also prevent them from being afflicted to violence through the delinquent youths. Also, the policy works as an aid towards other youth crime prevention programs. So, you could say that the curfew does its job in keeping potential offenders away from the chance to act in a criminal way but also does aid other programs. So this curfew is what you can call a double action towards juvenile delinquency. Must I remind you that statistics from 2004 shows that 6,482 teenagers from just South Australia alone have been apprehended by the police for juvenile crime! This figure should not be accepted by the Australian society. With that figure displaying the number of juvenile delinquents for just South Australia, you can try to imagine the total amount of teenage law offences in the whole of Australia! To conclude, all that has to be said is that to enable this society to progress in a safety environment, a youth curfew is essential.

Google Services Privacy and Security Concerns

Google Services Privacy and Security Concerns Insecure Digital World In today’s digital world, the debate surrounding privacy and security cannot be stressed further. Internet users are at a constant risk of privacy and security violations by technology companies. Google Inc. is among the biggest tech companies today with billions of people around the world using its services. Nonetheless, these services have developed numerous concerns surrounding privacy and security. Google services such as Street View does not just take pictures but collects email and WIFI information from unsuspecting users nearby. These warring revelations illustrate an increased concern for privacy and security of users. Numerous Google services continue to violate privacy and security rights of users by not informing them that their information is being collected without their consent. Google Collects Info from People Who May Even not Be Using Their Services Google services violate privacy and security rights by accessing and collecting data from people who may even not be using their services. Rosenfeld states that Google admitted to collecting data and personal information from computers inside homes and buildings using their Google Street View cars that were thought to only take pictures for the service. The type of information collected included private information, emails, and passwords all from unsuspicious users. This tends to be a form of security concern since Google does not seek the consent of users before accessing their information. Moreover, it violates privacy rights as well as acts in an unethical manner by illegally accessing and collecting information from users who are even not using their services. Moreover, Google’s Gmail service was also found to be violating federal wiretap regulations. This is because the email service evaluates the content of all emails on its network using the information to sell it as of fshoots to advertisers. For instance, it is possible if one sends frequent emails about cars they are likely to get advertisements related to cars. Google did not make a point of informing Gmail users that it would collect and create individual profiles and target them with adverts. Again, even people who were sending messages to Gmail addresses did not agree for Google to analyze and use their messages for target advertising. Analyzing each and every message is a clear violation of privacy rights since each person is entitled to his/her privacy. Furthermore, by analyzing all kinds of emails, it is not clear how secure the services are since other people be it Google employees may access sensitive information. The Internet Has Been Overly Commercialized Google is also notorious for illegal tracking of its users who access the Internet. In 2012, Google was exposed for using an illegal code to by-pass anti-tracking abilities of Apple’s Safari browser. The secret and illegal code exposed millions of Safari browser to tracking without their knowledge even if they had turned on the anti-tracking abilities. Eventually, Google was found to have committed a privacy violation and fined $22.5 million by the Federal Trade Commission. The idea of well-respected multinational using secret codes just to track users clearly raises concerns in terms of security and privacy. Google clearly acted unethically in using secret codes without users being aware of tracking their online activities. This means that the company can go to any lengths to pursue its business objectives at the expense of user privacy rights and security. Illegal Collection of WIFI Passwords An additional issue is the illegal collection of WIFI passwords from millions of Android phone users. The company was exposed for collecting WIFI passwords for Android users who backed up their phones and allowed the Google service to restore their new phones. This means that Google knows nearly all WIFI passwords in the world. This is a clear violation of privacy since passwords and other vital information is deemed private and may indeed result in privacy and security concerns when accessed by companies such as Google. In its defense, Google has cited that the company was exploited by top U.S spymasters who illegally collected information without user consent. However, these are mere allegations that have no evidence, but the evidence of privacy and security violations can be proven beyond reasonable doubt. In conclusion, Google services continue to violate privacy and security rights of users by not informing them that their information is being collected without their consent. Some Google services can spy, pry, and secretly track information and user activities online. This tends to create increased concern for privacy and security of users. These issues may be far from resolving as even more advanced Google services are being launched. All stakeholders and mostly users have the obligation to determine where the red line lies to address privacy and security concerns.

The Fifth Estate

The Fifth Estate The Fifth Estate The Fifth Estate By Maeve Maddox A movie about Julian Assange, the man who founded a website devoted to leaking information that governments wish to keep secret, is called The Fifth Estate. Most modern speakers associate the word estate with various types of property, for example, a grand house with extensive grounds the assets left by a deceased person a housing development The word estate in the expression fifth estate originates from a much earlier use of the word: An order or class regarded as part of the body politic, and as such participating in the government either directly or through its representatives. The earliest reference to this meaning of estate in the OED is dated 1380 when John Wyclif asserted that people belong to three categories ordained by God: priests, knights, and the â€Å"commons.† The concept evolved differently in different European countries, but the essential idea was to view society in terms of who had a voice in government. In England, the three estates came to be defined as Lords Spiritual (high-ranking clergy like bishops), Lords Temporal (nobility), and Commons. In France, the three estates were Clergy, Nobles, and Townsmen. A few European countries, like Sweden, recognized four estates, but it’s the three-estate concept that explains the development of the English expression fifth estate, A fact to keep in mind about the medieval third estate is that it did not include everyone who did not belong to the first two estates. The third estate was made up of wealthy landowners and merchants. The portion of the population that lacked rank or wealth lacked a political voice as well. The term fourth estate was coined in the 18th century as a figurative expression to label the sector of the population that exists outside the circle of established political power. Nowadays, the fourth estate has become a synonym for the Press, but in 1752, Fielding identified the fourth estate with â€Å"the Mob.† Various individuals and groups were referred to as â€Å"the fourth estate† before the term finally settled on the Press. Newspapers won the term because they were perceived as the voice of the politically or socially disenfranchised. If newspapers have sold out and become a part of the Establishment, then strictly speaking, the coinage â€Å"fifth estate† is unncessary. The mantle should simply be taken from the traditional Press and passed on to the Internet. However, maybe the term does represent something new. Perhaps the role of the fifth estate is not to provide everyone with a voice in government, but to provide a means of undermining government. So far, the meaning of fifth estate remains blurry. The earliest reference to its use in the OED refers to the medium of radio and is dated 1932. In a 1955 reference, the fifth estate is equated with trade unions. Only ten uses of fifth estate occur in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) for the years 1990-2012. Six of those citations refer to the title of a television program. The Assange movie will doubtless have the effect of turning fifth estate into a buzz word. How the term’s figurative meaning will evolve remains to be seen. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and NumeralsList of Greek Words in the English LanguageKn- Words in English

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 120

Summary - Essay Example a guideline to those who may have developed interest in understanding student’s behaviors, conduct and development patterns while still under the experience of the campus life. The paper mainly focuses on family theories and characteristics based on their evolutionary-life in relation to student’s affairs, practices and mental development (Nilson, 2010). In essence, a doctor attempted to treat a psychiatric patient who failed to respond to services offered until her medical history was traced, and it has been clarified that there is a need to have a glimpse of patient history and absorb her experiences. Another psychological scholar Nilson (2010) illustrates that it is critical to understand the history of anybody suffering from mental disposition before treatment is administered. Moreover, majority of expatriates who are concerned with student affairs often believe in direct observation of patients other than listening to stories. Some theories include Cognitive development theory concerned with psychological issues, it allows for the synthesis of information thus enabling an individual to make a variation from very simple encounters to bigger events. Cognitive theory is mainly used in students to govern moral development. In addition, there is social identity theory that plays a critical role in giving contrast to different memberships that are claimed by an individual within a specific framework of representation. The most common social identities theories include ethnic identity or racial identity. Consequently, there is psychosocial development theory that focuses mainly on ho w a person relates to the social environment. Psychosocial development theory clarifies about the developmental period of a person based on his identity, value, career and family among other elements within the environment. The above article gives an evaluation and comparison of several theories associated with the development of a child. Despite such theories having been developed

Summarise the following papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Summarise the following papers - Essay Example is study by Jere (2004) who sought to review audit failure rates, costs of auditing, audit report research, auditor differentiation and audit quality, big-firm small-firm dichotomy, and the role of audit research in policy making. The paper began with a review of outright audit failure rates. It posited that an outright audit failure occurs when GAAPs are not enforced by the auditor and when an auditor fails to issue a modified or qualified audit report when the circumstances are appropriate. The failure renders the reports misleading to the users. Where does audit failure rate data come from? This question is also answered by Jere (2004) as the paper defines audit failure rate using business failure rates – failures of publicly listed companies. Another audit failure could be observed from consent decrees from the reports of Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAER). Further, the paper explains that data for audit failure rates could also be sourced from earnings restatements. The study found that the audit failure rates with significant economic consequences were infrequent, accounting for less than 1% annually. Jere (2004) also tackled the issue of audit fees and whether auditing was costly. The paper also found that audit fees were low at less than 0.1% of the client sales. The paper argues correctly that the fact that the auditing costs are very low does not necessarily suggest that the quality of audits is also low given that the audit failure rates are also very low. Auditing is therefore inexpensive. Jere’s (2004) meta-analysis revealed that despite the false positives and negatives, the audit reports were informative and therefore the audit quality was high. The author noted that auditors are not always accurate in their reporting and this can reduce the audit quality. Auditors tend to report more conservatively (false positives) but mostly fail to get it right when it matters (false negatives). What the false positives and negatives do is

Its the Cake Essay -- Creative Creativity Essays

It's the Cake The title above comes from a comment made by author Jerry Hirschberg. "Creative activity [isn't] the icing on the cake. Human creativity is the cake." Getting a bite of this cake is what proves to be frustrating for some people. Simply put, there isn't one sure-fire method to achieve creative success. However, there are certainly underlying attitudes and patterns that one can perceive in creative people, (and in this most humble of papers), I will attempt to show to you through texts such as Hirschberg's The Creative Priority and my own forays with Madame Creatividad that experiencing creativity is simply a matter of opening yourself up to the world around you. It always seems to me that any measure of creativity starts through something that I have opted to call creative flux, both because I am nerdy and that it happens to fit the concept extremely well. In a nutshell, all creative flux means is that you has to be willing to be open to the surrounding environment, allowing ideas from all possible angles and points to flow into you. Hirschberg illustrates this rather well. A car designer by trade, he started his career at GM, "the supreme icon of power and success for America." He tells us that GM eventually reached a point of stagnation, from lack of competition and from shutting the doors tight on ideas coming from the outside world. GM car design reached a monotone complacency, and it is at this point, Hirschberg says, he began feeling a little bit useless, as his work environment had turned into, "a blinding illusion of security and imperviousness to failure." Hirschberg then makes a transition: he switches jobs to a place of unregulated creative flux. He attributes his later success t... ...hberg calls this process `stepping back from the canvas.' And a gloriously effective technique it turns out to be, "...ideas again started flowing, knotty problem areas unraveled, and the design began to lead the designers, a sure sign that a strong concept was emerging." Something similar to this happened to me in the process of writing this essay, as I acquired a major case of writer's block. Thankfully, I took Hirschberg's advice to heart: I `stood back from the canvas' and succeeded in opening the floodgates of creative flux anew. So is creative flux the path to taking a bite out of the all elusive cake of creativity? Although it is not the only way to approach creative problems, it is the phenomenal openness that creative flux provides that makes for such an exciting tool in one's quest for achieving creative goals. So go ahead, open up and take a bite.

Embers Essay

In the play â€Å"Embers† Campion Decent gives the audience the opportunity to simultaneously react to the plays events intellectually, and to experience the characters emotional connection between themselves and the community. â€Å"Embersâ€Å" demonstrates how a community can support each other in the aftermath of a natural disaster. This is clearly shown through verbatim stories of different characters such as Keith, the RC ladies and at the end different characters coming together as one and retelling their stories. To a large extent the representation of community is shown through a range of techniques used throughout the play. In addition it’s supported by quotes directly from audio recordings of Campion Decent himself. In the play the importance of community involvement is demonstrated when Keith breaks down under the pressure of fighting fires. Keith reacts by being stubborn about the situation when a young CFA worker lost his cool during the fires. The use of idiom â€Å"lost it† and the imperative form repetition of â€Å"hose the prick down† (page 77-78) is used as Keith gives a sense of authority and urgency in a brutal and direct order giving the kid no concessions because he is young. Keith is adamant that he will not go home as he repeats â€Å"I won’t leave because it my area, it’s my fire and I won’t leave† and the repetition of personal pronouns reinforces that he is in charge when he says â€Å"That’s my area. They vote me in as captain. My responsibility to stay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This shows that he is captain and under the pressure of controlling the fires in his area. The strong connection between the community and individuals is reinforced when Keith shows that he doesn’t want to let him community down, yet it is his community members can see that he has ‘lost it’ and needs a rest. The irony is that he cannot see that the members of the community are trying to help him by sending a priest and counsellor. This emphasises that belonging to a community provides him support, solace and assistance in times of hardship. In the audio recordings of Campion Decent, it mentions that Campion interviewed a volunteer fire fighter of about forty years experience. Decent states that â€Å"†¦tears began to roll down his face (referring to the experienced fire fighter)†¦ he had been quite jovial†¦ the tears began†¦Ã¢â‚¬  That interview, as well as Keith’s story reinforces that the community is connected by individuals who sacrificed so much to preserve the community’s existence. Throughout the play an importance is placed on how great it is to be Australian and how Australians come together in times of need. In the last scene people talk about their impressions and experiences, of what they saw, felt and how they dealt with the fire as a community. Noel Hodda in the ABC interview states â€Å"what it does this play†¦ it draws all the strings of different lives and community together and it shows how we as Australians in a large community and a small community are always ready to step up and give each other a hand†. This imagery reinforces the positives about being an Australian, which means being there for someone in need and coming together as one and helping each other, further showing the connection between individual and community. A technique used in this scene is when the D/farmer uses the idiom â€Å"light at the end of the tunnel†. This symbolism is used to show that when they went through the difficult stage of dealing with the fire that there is sign of hope in the future. Graham also states that at the end of the day â€Å"you can be knocked down, kicked around, and everything run over the top of ya†. This supports the idea that there is always someone there that will give you a hand, which reinforces the importance of the interconnection between individuals and their community. Another representation of community is shown through the individuality of the RC ladies who come together as one and help assist the community by providing meals for the workers. This is seen in the quote â€Å"RC Lady 1 â€Å"And we were told to feed CFA but –â€Å" RC Lady 2 â€Å"We fed ‘em all† †¦ RC Lady 3 â€Å"We were told by them they were professionals† †. The short sentence dialogue, spoken by the RC ladies, reinforces that there is a lot of individual opinions in the group. However they all have the one idea and come together as a community in supporting and assisting everyone who needs help. This is further reinforced by the repetition of the reference to the community group as â€Å"we†. The sense of irony in the quote â€Å"and we had complaints that they were putting on weight† brings in a sense of humour and shows how well the RC ladies have banded together to fed the workers. Campion Decent states in the recordings â€Å"For me it’s about the human experience and how people navigate themselves through an event of such extreme nature†. This reinforces to the audience that through the hard times every person experienced the extreme nature of the fires together as a community and survived. Throughout the play, â€Å"Embers†, a powerful connection between the community and its individuals is successfully conveyed. This is shown through an exploration of how belonging to a community provides support, solace and assistance in times of hardship, how Australian individuals come together to assist others in times of need. This supported through the use of various techniques throughout the play also by the quotes directly from audio recordings of Campion Decent.

What Happens When A Healthy Sleep Pattern Affects An...

There has been an increased concern with the concept of a â€Å"good† or â€Å"healthy† night sleep in modern society, which has led to a large increase in the amount of epidemiological research, focusing on how a healthy sleep pattern can influence an individual’s cognitive functioning; during their normal day to day lives. There is no question that sleep is a fundamental behaviour and a key aspect of human life, Not only does it â€Å"allow us to recharge our run-down bodies and recover from physical and mental fatigue† Hess, (1965), but also is vital for â€Å"Normal cognitive and brain function† Benke (2009) in adults and children. However, what happens when a healthy sleep pattern is disrupted due to individual differences? There have been many researchers who have touched upon this area of research, mentioning that individual differences can make an individual more susceptible to sleep disruption. As more research has looked into this area it has become more apparent on the affect they have on a healthy sleep pattern, which in turn, has an effect on day to day cognitive functioning. It is a common misconception that a healthy adult sleep pattern requires around 8 hours of sleep a night for normal cognitive function. Contradictory to this, Monk et. Al (2001) found evidence which disproved this claim as in fact Ferrara, De Gennaro stated â€Å"that the basic amount of sleep is only around 6 hours per night† (2001:155). If an adult’s sleep pattern is restricted from this basic amount of sleep,Show MoreRelatedSymptoms And Progression Of Alzheimer s Disease Essay2254 Words   |  10 Pagesdelirium that might explain the deficit: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or a disturbance in executive functioning (the ability to think abstractly and to plan, initiate, sequence, monitor, and stop complex behavior). 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